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	<title>Ismail Faruqi Online &#187; Books</title>
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	<link>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com</link>
	<description>Official website of Dr. Ismail Raji' Al-Faruqi (1921 - 1986)</description>
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		<title>Islam and the Problem of Israel: Zionism as Religion</title>
		<link>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/books/islam-problem-israel-zionism-religion/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/books/islam-problem-israel-zionism-religion/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Oct 2010 13:30:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anti-Zionism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Antisemitism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ben Gurion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[israel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jew]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jewish history]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Martin Buber]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Messianism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nationalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[religion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[zionism]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/?p=222</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Born out of Europe's Romantic lapse and anti-Jewish pogroms, Zionism might have occupied itself entirely with the question of Jewish security. At its genesis and for a long time afterwards, Zionism did little else besides seeking the real estate wherein to set up refuge from the dim future it foresaw. There is no evidence in early Zionist writing of any concern with the kind of problems faced by the Reform movement, and in search of a solution of which, the movement was born. The first leaders did not think in terms of the problems science and modernity posed to the application of the laws of the <em>Shulhan Arukh</em>, which dominated Jewish observance and living since its codification by Joseph Karo in 1567. The whole problem of "religion and modernity" did not occupy them at all. The Zionists were men and women nursed culturally and spiritually by a secular Europe which has been weaned away from religion. They were as immersed in romanticism and secularism as their fellow Christians; and a number of them were in fact leaders of the movement in Europe. It was therefore natural that, once renewed persecution blocked their self-identification as European, the Jews would seek their identity in their tradition, and that they would do so under the only categories they knew, namely, those of European romanticism.]]></description>
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		<title>Islam and the Problem of Israel: Jewish Universalism and Ethnocentrism</title>
		<link>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/books/islam-problem-israel-jewish-universalism-ethnocentrism/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/books/islam-problem-israel-jewish-universalism-ethnocentrism/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 11 Oct 2010 13:45:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Aqidah]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[christianity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Human behavior]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Islam and other religions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Moses]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Philosophy of religion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Prophecy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Prophet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[religion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[revelation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Supernatural revelation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Torah]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/?p=220</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[From the standpoint of Islam, there can be no doubt that Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, Moses, David, Solomon were all prophets whom God had sent forth with a divine message There can be no doubt that that message was always one and the same in its essential content which consisted, above all, of the recognition of God, of His unity and transcendence, of the Day of Judgment, of the purposiveness of history, and of man's responsibility to manage space-time as God has directed. That the prescriptive laws God had revealed to these prophets differed somewhat from the earlier revelations made to previous prophets, is granted; but it is understood as belonging to the "how" of obedience and fulfillment rather than to the essence. Equally, there can be no doubt that the Torah is God's revelation to Moses, that it had definitively summed up and crystallized the earlier revelations. To doubt these facts is <em>kufr</em>, or unbelief.]]></description>
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		<item>
		<title>Islam and the Problem of Israel: Zionism, The European Jew&#8217;s Counsel of Despair</title>
		<link>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/books/islam-and-the-problem-of-israel-zionism-the-european-jews-counsel-of-despair/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/books/islam-and-the-problem-of-israel-zionism-the-european-jews-counsel-of-despair/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 03 Mar 2010 17:41:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Der Judenstaat]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hitler]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ismail al-Faruqi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[israel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jewish history]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[jews]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jews of Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Leo Pinsker]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Max Nordau]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Theodor Herzl]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Western Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[zionism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Zionists]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/?p=201</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
The Jews of Europe found themselves in the second half of the nineteenth century tossed on the horns of a terrible dilemma. If they pursued the gains of emancipation, they must assimilate; and the more they did so, the more their Judaism would have to be reformed, the more dilute it would become, the less Jewish they would finally turn out to be. If, on the other hand, they restricted their pursuit of the gains of emancipation and hence, the less they assimilated and lost thereby their Jewishness, the more they would stand out as strangers in a society bent on not granting them its identity. On either count, they stood to lose. But which loss was greater? Jewishness, or freedom, and often, life?]]></description>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Islam and the Problem of Israel: The Romantic Relapse of Europe</title>
		<link>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/books/islam-and-the-problem-of-israel-the-romantic-relapse-of-europe/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/books/islam-and-the-problem-of-israel-the-romantic-relapse-of-europe/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 16 May 2009 17:43:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Age of Enlightenment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[America]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Eastern Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[final solution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Historical eras]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Humanism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jew]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[jews]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Leo Pinsker]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Modern history]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Philosophy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reform judaism]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Romanticism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Russia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[russian]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Western Europe]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/?p=131</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The prognosis of the last paragraph (Chapter III) was the reality on the American scene. Most of the rabbis ministering to the Jews of America were educated in the Reform seminaries of Europe, and the first seminary in America (Cincinnati, Ohio) belonged to the same group. The absence of persecution and of ghettos and the religious freedom guaranteed by the American Constitution promoted acculturation and assimilation of Jewish immigrants from Europe. In America, it was hard to be anything but a Reformed Jew. The voice of orthodoxy, of traditionalism, was certainly present; but it was overwhelmed by the universalism and secularism of American society in the matter of religion. The situation radically changed in the nineties when a wave of pogroms in Russia and Eastern Europe sent a flood ofjewish immigrants to America. The demography of American Jewry was turned upside down. In a decade, American Jewry became overwhelmingly orthodox and the voice of Reform Judaism became that of a minority. What happened in Russia to bring about this Jewish exodus happened in various degrees in the rest of Europe.]]></description>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Islam and the Problem of Israel: The Emancipation and its Aftermath</title>
		<link>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/books/islam-and-the-problem-of-israel-the-emancipation-and-its-aftermath/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/books/islam-and-the-problem-of-israel-the-emancipation-and-its-aftermath/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 28 Apr 2009 11:22:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[christianity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[church]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[enlightenment]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[judaism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reason]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reform judaism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[revelation]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/?p=70</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The revelation which came to Muhammad (SAAW) summoned reason to prove the thesis of Islam. It never asserted its truths in defiance of reason, nor did it ever seek to overwhelm the noetic function of the mind. On the contrary, it always sought to convince its audience in harmony and unity with reason. When the Mu'tazilah sought to give reason an edge over revelation, or the Murji'ah to give revelation an edge over reason, the Muslim mind demurred and held its original position tenaciously, namely, that no contradiction between reason and revelation is final; that no disparity between them is beyond overarching and composition by reconsidering the meanings of revelation which might have been misunderstood, or the conclusions of reason which might have gone astray. From al Ma'mun to al Mutawakkil (197-232 A.H./813-847 A.C.), the three decades of Mu'tazilah ascendency, the problem acquired crisis proportions and was then solved forever.]]></description>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Islam and the Problem of Israel: Apercu of Jewish History in the Christian West Prior to the Emancipation</title>
		<link>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/books/islam-and-the-problem-of-israel-apercu-of-jewish-history-in-the-christian-west-prior-to-the-emancipation/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/books/islam-and-the-problem-of-israel-apercu-of-jewish-history-in-the-christian-west-prior-to-the-emancipation/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2009 13:57:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[jesus]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Middle Ages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rabbi]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/?p=67</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The Christians understood, or misunderstood, the career of Jesus as one of a god sent down to earth to suffer the most ignominious death as an atonement and oblation for the sins of man. In consequence, they reinterpreted the whole history of the Jews as a propadeutic for this great event. If there is to be a crucifixion of a god, there had to be a historical situation in which a savior-god could be expected, accused to be the false savior, and then crucified. There had to be a religion, Judaism, which develops so as to reach the fossilized state of literal legalism, in which rabbis had plunged their faith in the "fullness of time," and into the context of which the god to be crucified could enact his reform and be prosecuted and condemned in the process. The whole of the Jewish past and present was reduced to the status of an instrument, complex and winding, but still an instrument, for the incarnation and crucifixion of Jesus.]]></description>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Islam and the Problem of Israel: The Three-Cornered Nature of the Problem</title>
		<link>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/books/islam-and-the-problem-of-israel-the-three-cornered-nature-of-the-problem/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/books/islam-and-the-problem-of-israel-the-three-cornered-nature-of-the-problem/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Jan 2007 03:59:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[colonialism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[crusades]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ethnocentric]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[muslim world]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[palestine]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ismailfaruqi.com/2007/01/21/islam-and-the-problem-of-israel-the-three-cornered-nature-of-the-problem/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The problem of Israel confronting the Muslim World today has neither precedent nor parallel in Islamic history. The Muslim World has tended to regard it as another instance of Modern colonialism, or at best, as a repetition of the Crusades. The difference is not that Israel is neither one of these; but that it is both and more, much more. Unfortunately, there is no Islamic literature on the subject. The need for this analysis of the problem is, therefore, as great as the present moment which calls upon the Arab World in particular and the Muslim World in general to accept Israel as an integral member of a world-of Muslim-nations in Asia-Africa.]]></description>
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